Current Focus
Mechanotransduction in endothelial and smooth muscle cells and heterotypic endothelial—macrophage cell interactions remain areas of interest, along with VEGF and Notch signaling. The lab's additional focus is to understand vascular resilience and dissect the molecular mechanisms behind response to stressors, including aging.
Past Accomplishments
The Arispe Lab's work has focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms that regulate vascular morphogenesis during development and in disease. Toward this goal, this lab contributed to the literature that proved that thrombospondin1 is a highly effective physiological inhibitor of angiogenesis (Iruela-Arispe et al., 1990; 1991; 1996; 1999; Streit et al., 2000; Rodriguez-Manzaneque et al., 2001). Subsequently, using the anti-angiogenic motifs of thrombospondin, the lab cloned two members of the ADAMTS family and demonstrated that the proteins harbor angiostatic properties (Vazquez et al., 1999; Iruela-Arispe et al., 1999; Carpizo and Iruela-Arispe, 2000). To clarify the vascular effects of ADAMTS proteases, they contributed to the current understanding of the biology of this family of extracellular proteases (Rodriguez-Manzaneque et al., 2000; Lee et al., 2005; 2006). Today, a PubMed search on “ADAMTS” retrieves 1,264 publications. The group is proud to have cloned the first human member of this family and generated many of the initial reagents that have been broadly distributed to entice and facilitate the entrance of so many investigators into this field.
The antagonistic relationship between TSP and VEGF allowed the group to investigate VEGF's association with extracellular matrix proteins. They revealed that activation of VEGFR2 by VEGF varies significantly depending upon its association with matrix proteins (Lee et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2010). Furthermore, they identified a highly significant intracrine signaling loop that is critical for endothelial cell survival (Lee et al., 2007).
Through an effort to generate valuable Cre-recombinase models for the excision of genes in the endothelium (Alva et al., 2006; Monvoisin et al., 2006), the group demonstrated by lineage tracing that hemogenic endothelium gives rise to hematopoietic progenitor cells (Zovein et al., 2008). They have continued investigating the functional interactions between endothelial and hematopoietic cells and uncovered important heterotypic interactions between endothelial cells and macrophages (He et al., 2012).
A more recent focus of the lab has been on regulating Notch signaling in the vasculature. Initially, the lab contributed to the literature demonstrating this pathway's critical role in tip/stalk cell specification (Hellstrom et al., 2007). In addition, through endothelial and smooth muscle cell inactivation of Jag1, they clarified the vascular roots for the cardiac (endothelial–related) and liver (smooth muscle cell–related) pathologies in Alagille syndrome (Hofmann et al., 2010; 2012). This work highlighted the relevance of heterotypic vascular-parenchymal interactions in the architecture of organs. More recently, this trajectory resulted in a greater understanding of how Notch signaling skews the differentiation of Pax1+ somitic cells into smooth muscle cells (Briot et al., 2014). These findings shed light on the possible causes of vascular calcification and uncover potential directions for therapeutic development.